Hoeveel koolhydraten per dag? Het zal je verbazen! Koolhydraten zijn, naast vitamines, mineralen en eiwitten, onontbeerlijk voor je lichaam om optimaal te kunnen functioneren. Koolhydraten leveren voor het grootste deel energie aan je lijf, onontbeerlijk voor je lichaamsprocessen. Vooral je rode bloedcellen en je hersenen zijn heel sterk afhankelijk van deze koolhydraten. Leef Niet Heel De Dag Op Shakes!! In het verleden toen ik nog helemaal niks wist over afvallen en shakes, leefde ik zowat heel de dag op eiwitshakes. Gratis proefweek! Fitness Studio Dekker is 5 x verkozen tot Fitnessclub van het Jaar in de provincie Gelderland! Daarom nu tijdelijk: gratis proefweek fitness! Premium Club 24 uur per dag, 7 dagen per week onbeperkt sporten in een luxe omgeving Stel zelf je lidmaatschap samen. Anytime Fitness Sittard, Sittard, Netherlands. 2,115 likes · 565 talking about this · 6,406 were here. Het fitnesscentrum van Sittard waar je 24 uur per. Marceau Uitvaartzorg, gelegen te Antwerpen (Berchem), biedt de steun en zorg die nodig is om een waardig afscheid vorm te geven. Omgeving Vanuit hotel Van der Valk Veenendaal zijn leuke uitstapjes te maken naar Ouwehands Dierenpark Rhenen of Kasteel Amerongen met de bijbehorende kasteeltuin. Als je te weinig koolhydraten binnen zou krijgen, dan gaat je lichaam de benodigde energie uit je lichaam zelf halen. Eerst haalt het lichaam de energie uit de vetmassa, dit noemt men in ketose toestand verkeren. Meer over het ketogeen dieet en de mogelijke gezondheidsvoordelen kun je lezen in dit artikel. Als je echter structureel te weinig calorie. Met name de spieren worden dan afgebroken om de eiwitten hieruit om te zetten naar energie voor de belangrijkste lichaamsfuncties. Een soort laatste reddingsmethode, want dat is een situatie die heel slecht is voor gestel. Je spieren worden op een gegeven moment letterlijk door je lichaam opgegeten!
Koolhydraten kun je onder andere vinden peulvruchten en aardappelen en rijst. En natuurlijk in producten die gemaakt zijn van graan, zoals pasta en broodproducten. Koolhydraten worden ook wel suikers genoemd. Deze twee termen worden vaak doorelkaar gebruikt. Hoeveel koolhydraten heb je nodig? We hebben dagelijks energie nodig om te kunnen functioneren. Koolhydraten zijn een hele goede energiebron om jou gedurende de dag te voorzien van energie. Nog even afgezien van het feit of je nu slechte of goede koolhydraten gaat eten, is er een redelijk eenvoudig rekensommetje zodat je zelf kunt bepalen hoeveel koolhydraten je dagelijks nodig hebt. Volgens wetenschappelijke literatuur (1) moet je van je dagelijkse energiebehoefte in ieder geval 4. Als je ervanuit gaat dat je 2. Overigens zijn de langzame koolhydraten ook nog eens goed voor een gezonde BMI (Body Mass Index, de procentuele hoeveelheid vet in je lichaam). Wat goede en slechte koolhydraten zijn, lees je verderop in dit artikel. De hoeveelheid koolhydraten niet de enige leidraad hierin. Ook de verhouding tussen koolhydraten en de andere voedingsstoffen zoals vetten en eiwitten is belangrijk. Door het voedingscentrum wordt aanbevolen dat je niet m. Echter, 7. 0% is wel heel veel, en je loopt met zo'n koolhydraatinname een heel groot risico op overgewicht. We hebben het dus niet alleen over slechte en goede koolhydraten, maar ook over slechte en goede suikers. Wat gebeurt er in je lijf als je slechte suikers eet? Om dit te illustreren, even een praktisch voorbeeld: Je hebt in de ochtend goed ontbeten, maar onvermijdelijk komt rond koffietijd het moment dat je lichaam weer gaat schreeuwen om voedsel. Bij gebrek aan tijd heb je niet een tussendoortje meegenomen naar je werk, dus ben je nu aangewezen op de snoepautomaat in de hal. Even wat snelle energie uit de automaat trekken en je dip is snel opgelost. Klopt inderdaad, maar wist je dat die zelfde dip een kwartiertje later direct weer terugkomt? Op het moment dat je die chocoladereep eet, met hele snelle koolhydraten, wordt de glucose direct in je bloed opgenomen. Je bloedsuikergehalte stijgt heel snel, waardoor je lichaam insuline aan gaat maken. De insuline gaat er voor zorgen dat de glucose (=energie) zo effici. Door deze snel dalende bloedsuikerspiegel, gaat je lijf direct weer schreeuwen om nieuwe voorraad. Je raakt in een zogenaamde suikerdip. Je voelt dit aankomen, en snel ren je weer naar de snoepautomaat om die suikerdip weer aan te vullen. Hierna begint het hele proces weer opnieuw. Herkenbare situatie? Het probleem in het voorgaande voorbeeld is het feit dat de bewuste persoon wel koolhydraten at, maar dat dit nagenoeg allemaal snelle koolhydraten waren. Door die snelle opname, en de geforceerde snelle verwerking door je lichaam, levert het een hele kleine energiestoot op en heel veel onrust in je lijf. Als je deze snelle koolhydraten zou vervangen door langzame koolhydraten, dan ontstaat er een heel andere situatie. In dat geval zou je lichaam de suikers v. Hierdoor hoeft er nauwelijks insuline aangemaakt te worden en heb je daarna dus ook geen suikerdip te verwerken. Je spreid de opname van de energie uit over een langere tijd. Als je veel snelle koolhydraten eet, dan heb je dus steeds ook flinke pieken in de productie van je insuline. Het probleem wordt dan voor dat moment wel opgelost, maar na verloop van tijd zal je lichaam de insulineproductie niet meer accepteren. Het gevolg is een insuline- intolerantie en, erger, diabetes type 2. Het is dus zaak om hier aandacht aan te geven. Gezond en gevarieerd eten betekent dus ook zoveel mogelijk langzame koolhydraten, en zo weinig mogelijk snelle koolhydraten. De Glycemische Index 1. Om wat meer te kunnen begrijpen over het verschil tussen slechte, snelle, koolhydraten en goede, dus langzame, koolhydraten, kan er een cijfer tussen de 1 en de 1. Dit heet de Glycemische Index oftewel de GI- waarde. Hier heb je vast al eens over gehoord. Deze GI- waarde is gebaseerd op de snelheid waarmee je lijf pure suiker kan opnemen. Deze suikers hebben een GI- waarde van 1. Dit houdt dus in dat een koolhydraat met een hoge GI- waarde per definitie een slechte koolhydraat is. Hoe lager de GI- waarde, hoe beter het is voor je bloedsuikerwaarde, dus hoe beter voor je lichaam. Daarnaast is er nog een andere waarde die aangeeft hoe voedzaam bepaalde koolhydraten zijn, los van het feit dat deze langzaam of snel zijn. Als je meer wilt weten over de Glycemische Index, raad ik je aan om even op de site te kijken. Daar staat een hele special over de Glycemische Index en hoe je dit toe kunt passen in het dagelijkse leven: Langzame koolhydraten hebben dus de voorkeur. Uit het voorgaande blijkt duidelijk dat de langzame koolhydraten de voorkeur hebben. Maar wat zijn dan die langzame koolhydraten? Natuurlijk kun je van alles een GI- waarde opzoeken, maar het is voor nu even gemakkelijker met een kort lijstje: Volkorenpasta*Volkorenbrood*Speltbrood*Volkorenrijst. Erwten. Linzen. Fruit. Spinazie. Tomaat. Paprika. Komkommer. Noten, onder andere pinda’s. Aubergine. Paddenstoelen. Broccoli. En om het even compleet te maken, hier een lijstje van slechte, dus snelle, koolhydraten: Frisdrank. Cornflakes. Wit brood. Witte rijst. Patat. Aardappelen. Ma. Sterker nog, deze kunstmatige suikers zijn door het lichaam helemaal niet goed te verwerken en zorgen ervoor dat zelfs jonge mensen in hun tienerjaren al te maken krijgen met diabetes type 2 en extreem overgewicht! Dit wordt veroorzaakt door de ergste variant HFCS (High- Fructose- Corn- Syrup) dat lekkere zoet goedje in je frisdrank. Wees verstandig en mijd al deze kunstmatige suikers! Kunstmatige suikers kun je herkennen aan de termen: Fructose. Glucose. Maltose. Dextrose. Al deze ingredi. Maaltijden bestaan uit allerlei verschillende voedingsmiddelen, ieder met hun eigen Glycemische Index. Daarom geef ik je hier een paar algemene richtlijnen, zodat je zelf globaal kunt bepalen of de Glycemische Index goed is, of niet: Voeding met vezels die oplosbaar zijn hebben over het algemeen een lage Glycemische Index. Denk hierbij bijvoorbeeld aan bruine- en witte bonen. Deze vezels zorgen er voor dat de spijsverteringsenzymen minder snel hun werk kunnen doen. Hierdoor worden de koolhydraten langzamer door het lichaam opgenomen waardoor je bloedsuiker minder abrupt gaat stijgen. Dit is ook het exacte verschil tussen witbrood en volkorenbrood. Door de aanwezigheid van de vezels wordt de energieopname door het lichaam enigszins belemmert waardoor de bloedsuikerpiek uitblijft. Onoplosbare vezels zijn zoals het woord al zegt niet afbreekbaar en doen dus ook niks wat betreft de Glycemische index. Wel spelen onoplosbare vezels een belangrijke rol in het gezond houden van je spijsvertering, deze vezels gaan als een soort bezem door je spijsverteringskanaal! Dit geldt ook voor een vette maaltijd. Als een vette maaltijd in je lichaam zit, kunnen de spijsverteringsenzymen minder snel hun werk doen, omdat er een vetlaagje omheen zit. Een vette maaltijd blijft dus langer in je maag zitten, net zoals de maaltijd met veel vezels. Je houdt dus langer een . Nadeel van een vette maaltijd is het feit dat de volle maag niet prettig aanvoelt. Daarnaast kun je natuurlijk ook vraagtekens zetten bij de grote hoeveelheid vet, maar dat is een ander verhaal en een ander artikel. Voedingsmiddelen die zuur zijn, hebben over het algemeen ook een lage Glycemische Index. De oorzaak hiervan ligt in het feit het zure eerst geneutraliseerd moet worden voordat de spijsverteringsenzymen hun werk kunnen doen. En dan de belangrijkste tip: Voedingsmiddelen die een bewerking hebben ondergaan kun je nagenoeg altijd beschouwen als snelle koolhydraten. Voor diegene die denken dat een glas appelsap hetzelfde effect zou hebben dan een appel, heeft het helemaal mis: Ten eerste bevat de appel vezels die, zoals we eerder al gezegd hebben, er voor zorgen dat het verteringsproces langzamer gaat. Daarnaast worden er aan de appelsap nog allerlei producten toegevoegd. Met name suikers die per definitie een hoge Glycemische Index hebben. Een ander bewerkt product is wit brood en alle afgeleiden daarvan. Hierin zitten geen vezels meer, dus een hoge Glycemische Index. Volkorenbrood en alle andere producten waar de vezels nog in zitten hebben door de aanwezigheid van vezels een lage Glycemische Index. Voorkom diabetes. Het eten van langzame koolhydraten in plaats van snelle is niet alleen goed voor je lijf in het algemeen, maar maakt ook de kans vele malen kleiner dat je diabetes gaat ontwikkelen. Wist je dat diabetes de snelst groeiende ziekte is in deze tijd? De oorzaak hiervan kunnen we zoeken in het overmatig consumeren van bewerkte producten met snelle koolhydraten. Hierdoor kan insuline- intolerantie ontstaan, een voorbode van diabetes. Probeer zo veel mogelijk de maaltijden over de dag te verdelen: een stevig ontbijt, een goede lunch en een niet al te zware avondmaaltijd. Tussendoor kun je gezonde snacks nemen, als dat nodig mocht zijn.
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EIGHT TIPS FOR YOUR COMRADES PREPARATIONEIGHT STEPS TO COMRADES DURING THE TAPERAt this stage there are three weeks to Comrades 2. By race day this will be over 2. There is no more training to be done. Now its about recovery and getting stronger for the day. Not just physically stronger, but mentally stronger and one of the best ways to get the confidence to complete comrades is to make sure you cover all bases in your preparation. The following eight steps will guide you through to the 2. Comrades and you special 5. Comrades medal. STEP 1 – DETERMINE YOUR TAPER: Training is a process of overload and adaptation. Each time we train small micro- tears are generated in our muscles, but rest and recovery allows the muscles to rebuild. When given adequate rest the muscles rebuild stronger than before. Scientists have shown that muscle damage is more severe when running further than 2. Based on this: -. Your last 1. 8- 2. In the first week cut the overall training distance to about 6. The final week needs to be fairly specific and will only be about 2. But don’t forget the following day you will be covering 8. Weekly training distance during 1st two weeks of 3 week taper to Marathon or Ultra race. Marathon 4: 0. 0 Marathon 4: 3. Marathon. Max Dist. Peak week 1. 30km 1. Important: It is the distance that is dropped – not the . STEP 2 – PREDICTING YOUR FINISH TIME: Only by setting a realistic target time will you achieve your optimum finish time. The facts are that a 2: 4. Gold medal, and a 3: 3. Bill Rowan and there is no point in going off at a pace that is aiming for such times unless you have the basic credentials. A rough estimate for a realistic finish time can be found from multiplying your best 1. Considerably more accurate is my computer prediction programme. Developed in the 1. Comrades distance. The results have often been accurate to less than 5 minutes. Keep and eye on www. It is best to set yourself three finish goal times: Firstly get your predicted best . This is normally not more than a 2% to 4% improvement on your realistic time. The main reason to consider this is to see if it affects the colour of your medal. For instance if someone has a . Similarly a 2% improvement on a predicted 9 hour 1. Bill Rowan medal. The third time goal to set is the back- stop. This is the time you would . With the goal times established we can move on to how we are going to run to achieve them. Tim Noakes' official statement on his controversial low carbohydrate, high fat diet. STEP 3 MENTAL PREPARATIONS: The reduced training and increased time from tapering provides time for mental preparation, and building confidence. Two key benefits of the mental preparation are a) to build your confidence in your ability to achieve your goal and b) to prepare yourself for the things that go right and wrong in the race. Visualizing your run in the race helps you develop a race day strategy allowing you to see yourself achieving your goal: the running on race day becomes . Initially view the start and the line up as if you were filming the race. Follow the race through right to the finish. See the hills – how do you tackle them – the downhill- see how you are running, what are you taking at the tables, visualise your walks. See how you deal with the muscle soreness, or what you do when your lace comes undone. Whenever you get a negative action stop and try to replace it with a positive action. Once you can handle this, try using another session to view the race from ? See what you would see as you run down Commercial Road, cross Duzi Bridge, up Alexander Road into Ritchie Road and up to the top of Polly Shortts – how do you feel, what speed are you running? Carry on like this right through until you see the arch of Tollgate Bridge, the downhill of the freeway into Pine St and the final turn into Walnut Rd and finally the see and feel the atmosphere as you see the Finish banner and cross the line. See yourself getting the medal, feel what it is like to hold it, feel its weight, see how good it feels to show it off to your family at the finish – enjoy the feeling of success. As you visualize you will become aware of the aspects likely to bother you, or go wrong, during the race and most importantly you have the opportunity to develop strategies to cope with them. Try to do this visualisation on alternate days. Once you get into the rhythm you will be able to click into this mode quickly, even during any short break during a day. Every runner has the potential to be a winner – a winner or an achiever within the family and work restrictions that curtails training time. Mental training can take you even closer to achieving that potential. STEP – 4 PACING: Pacing is about creating the most efficient and effective way of achieving our optimum time, Pacing is about the conservation of energy: - It is the maximizing of performance from the limited energy resources so that we achieve our goal without either leaving excess fuel in the tank nor running out of energy before we arrive! Over the training months we have developed a rhythm of stopping for water every 4- 8kms and in some group runs stopping for longer times to buy a drink from Caf. Why then do we expect to run non- stop from Pietermaritzburg to Durban on 3. May? There is no logic to support anyone finishing over 7 hours adopting a non- stop run approach to Comrades and so we need to adapt our typical run and walk rhythm to suit our goals for Comrades race day. During these walks: your muscles get a change of movement, your heart rate reduces, your respiration rate drops, your muscles are stretched, AND you have an opportunity to make sure you are getting enough fluid and energy. It is a strategy that many Gold medalists have utilized to their success: Runners who wait until they are forced into walking find that they spend much of the last kilometres walking and losing much more time than if they spaced the walks out more evenly during the race. Choose a run and walk schedule: By example; if you walk every 9kms then there will be 9 walks in the total length of Comrades. Allowing for walks are each 3 minutes long, then the total length of walks is 2. In this time you will easily cover 2km, which you then don’t need to run! This means that you now have only 8. The ability to have 2. Before you panic remember that your average running pace is around 2. The 1. 2 seconds increase actually makes it easier to run, as it becomes closer to your normal training pace. For example: a 3: 4. He has a realistic Comrades finish of 9 hours which is an average of 6 minutes per km and if using a run and walk schedule would run Comrades at 5 minutes 5. GPS and Heart rate – The easiest way to an even effort run: Although we all talk about pacing, the best way of running is actually to use even effort throughout the distance. Training with the latest Garmin Forerunner systems display your actual running pace (mins per km), the distance, and your heart rate on the single watch face every step of the way. In addition the watch will automatically alert you every km along the route and this total combination enables the runner to equate a feeling of EFFORT. When running uphill your heart rate increases and this needs to be balanced by a reduction on pace, whereas on downhill running the heart rate decreases and the pace can increase to keep the same overall effort. However bear in mind that the use of technology for pacing is not allowed under IAAF rules and so these watches (or any heart rate / distance devices – and music) may be banned in Comrades particularly if you are in contention for any age group or open award / prize. Refer to Comrades final instructions. STEP 5 CARBO- LOADING: Carbo- loading has developed over the years. Initially the protocol required us to go for a long run 7 days before the race, and then virtually omit all carbohydrates from our diets for 3- 4 days; finally we switched to the opposite extreme by eating only carbohydrates. Such dramatic changes in eating over a week wreck havoc on our digestive system. No wonder it caused gastric upsets. Another problem surrounds what to eat in the loading days. Most high carbohydrate foods tend to be bulky and fairly bland in taste: - Potatoes, bread, rice, pasta and vegetables, – with fruit and sugar providing some taste relief.
Budd Coates is the training director for Runner’s World as well as the senior director of Employee Fitness and Health for all of Rodale Inc. Coates designs all of. The fact is that chocolate; pizzas, cakes, and even beer are NOT good for carbo- loading. Alcohol is not only stored as fat, but also increases urine production and so the chances of starting the race in a partially dehydrated state. It is vital to drink more fluid during the carbohydrate loading phase, as each gram of carbohydrate needs 3ml of water to . On loading days you require roughly an additional 2 litres of fluid! Since this should increase your weight by around 1. The amount of carbohydrate required varies from person to person. As a very rough guide, most . These figures are all very well, but they mean little to the average runner. For this reason I have always turned them into some practical examples, such as 3. Remember this needs to be taken without any sauces, or toppings! In addition if you were to try this you would not be getting your requirements in fat and protein. The only solution is to take high quality carbohydrate drinks, as fluids are easier to consume. The quality is important. Most mass- produced commercial ready to drink . In addition many of the . Carbo Train, or Revenge, and one of the above meal replacement drinks each day you will get 5. You will also be consuming an additional 1. Quality meal replacements have a balance of carbohydrate, fat and protein, which will ensure that you have a good foundation for your meal plan. Then simply keep to your normal meals so you get your . Remember one of your quality carbohydrate drinks should be taken immediately (within 1. Since the carbohydrate stores in your liver deplete every minute, even when sleeping, it is vital to have breakfast on Comrades day, otherwise you can be starting with only 3. 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Also, we focused on hundreds of reviews to get their side of the story. At this point, we gathered the facts to give you the info you need. Cellucor Super HD Readers: Click here to find out why we're giving away samples of our product, Dietspotlight Burn. What is Cellucor Super HD? To begin, Cellucor Super HD is a “high- def fat targeting & sculpting agent”. The ingredients are caffeine anhydrous (1. Slimpro, amla fruit extract, yohimbe, Capsimax, evodia rutaecarpa fruit extract, dandelion root extract, toothed clubmoss, and rauwolfia vomitoria root bark. After taking two capsules per day, the supplement supposedly burns fat, suppresses appetite and boost metabolism. Cellucor Super HD, released in 2. Cellucor, sells on the official website. The blend contains natural ingredients and there’s research backing the claims. Does it work? Let’s find out. Try something else. Cellucor.”“Super HD is one of my favorite Cellucor products. Doesn’t take long to feel the thermogenic effects,” said another. We found additional reviews mentioning positive results. A customer reported, “Great energy. Gets me through the workouts.”“Gives me lots of energy without the jitters or headaches,” reported another. Scroll below for one of the best products we’ve seen over the last year. Cellucor Super HD Side Effects – “Positive!”According to user reviews, there’s something to say about Cellucor Super HD side effects. One dieter stated, Energy level is up. But, I did notice mental clarity.”According to our extensive research, there’s a connection between side effects and lasting results. There are benefits when users see positive results after using Super HD. The Science – “Clinically Proven?”To see if a supplement works, we focus on research. Let’s take a closer look at Cellucor Super HD ingredients. There’s solid science connecting green tea and increased metabolism. There’s also some research showing dandelion may help improve digestion. Additional ingredients showing promise are Capsimax and caffeine. Both show users experience boosts in metabolism. Also: read our Dietspotlight Burn Weight- Loss Kit review »The Bottom Line – Does Cellucor Super HD Work? We looked at Super HD ingredients and found a supplement offering promising results. We like that several extracts promote fat burning and boost metabolism. Looking at Cellucor Super HD reviews, dieters see solid results. The only concern were a few mentions of effectiveness, but that’s few and far between. If you want to slim down, we suggest going with a supplement containing clinically- tested ingredients; backed by positive reviews. Among the best products we’ve seen this year is one called Dietspotlight Burn. This supplement contains four clinically- tested ingredients, with results often highlighted in journals and shown to help accelerate metabolism, curb appetite and ignite fat loss. Dieters tell us they see great results. Also, the company behind Dietspotlight Burn is offering a Special Trial Offer, which is a positive sign. The purpose behind Cellucor Super HD is to look at multiple aspects of weight- loss from a unique point of view. The formula tackles memory or mental function, fat burn, metabolism, energy and appetite, based on the description. The ingredient label is provided and we have to admit there are a few good pieces in there. However, not everything you see will help you reach your goals. Cellucor Super HD Ingredients and Supplement Facts. Serving Size: 1 Capsule. Serving Per Container: 6. Amount per Serving% DVNiacin. Vitamin B6. 3mg. 15. Vitamin B1. 22. 50mcg. Super. HD Thermo. Sculpting Blend. 25. Green Tea Leaf Extract**- Slim. Pro (Protein Hydrolysates from Blue Whiting)**- Dandelion Root Extract**Super. HD Sensory Impact Blend. N- Acetyl L- Tyrosine**- Rhodiola Root Extract**- Amla Fruit Extract**- Yohimbe Bark Extract**- Capsimax Cayenne Fruit Extract**- Evodiamine**- Toothed Clubmoss Extract**- Rauwolfia Vomitoria Root Bark Extract**Caffeine Anhydrous. Other Ingredients: Gelatin, titanium dioxide, microcrystalline cellulose, maltodextrin, arabic gum, magnesium stearate, silicon dioxide, protease, NAOHWe analyzed the Cellucor Super HD ingredients to give you the details you need. Green Tea Leaf. Green Tea Leaf comes from the Camellia sinensis plant. It originated in China and is now produced in other Asian countries. What is it Supposed to Do? Green Tea can help lower high cholesterol, lower high blood pressure, and other more serious problems like osteoporosis . Inhibition of this effect by high habitual caffeine intake.”Yohimbe Bark. Yohimbe . The study says, “Very little research has been conducted on the use of yohimbe for weight loss and/or its effect on body mass”, then they continued to elaborate and said, “In a small clinical trial, yohimbine resulted in greater weight loss than placebo in 2. However, in another clinical trial in 4. Amla Fruit. The Amla Fruit, also known as the Indian Gooseberry is a small green- yellow fruit in the Phyllanthaceae family that is sacred in the Hindu culture. What is it Supposed to Do? Amla Fruit has been said to help high cholesterol, osteoarthritis, joint pain, and even promote weight- loss. Clinical Research. We were unable to find studies done on humans, but, a journal written by Natreon shows research done on rats. Based on the experiments, they concluded that, “No change in behavior or toxic signs was noted during the experimental period. Body weight and the body weight gain in the treatment groups of female and male rats were significantly lower than those of their control groups.” They continued by saying, “body weight in the male treatment group significantly decreased on the 1. Most of the trees are found in Sudan. What is it Supposed to Do? Arabic Gum is often used to treat high cholesterol. References. 1. Osteoporosis (2. Mayo Clinic. December 7, 2. Yohimbe (2. 00. 9). December 7, 2. 01. Cellucor Super HD Questions & Answers: We picked apart hundreds of user comments about Cellucor Super HD into this helpful FAQ. What are the side effects of Cellucor HD? According to customer comments, Cellucor Super HD side effects are mild. What is in Cellucor Super HD? Cellucor Super HD ingredients are B- vitamins, green tea, Slimpro protein hydrolysate, dandelion root, n- acetyl- l- tyrosine, rhodiola rosea root . There’s solid science showing the benefits of caffeine and green tea. Also, there evidence backing the effectiveness of Capsimax and Slim. How much does a bottle of Cellucor HD cost? A bottle of Cellucor Super HD costs $4. One jar lasts 3. 0 days. How do you take Cellucor Super HD? You should take one Cellucor Super HD capsule in the morning and another in the late afternoon. The company recommends not using within six hours of sleep and not exceeding three pills in a day. Can I take Cellucor HD if I have a health condition? If you take any prescription medications, are under 1. Cellucor Super HD. What do users like about Cellucor HD? Some users liked the low cost of Cellucor Super HD and the results. What do users NOT like about Cellucor Super HD? We found that Cellucor Super HD users didn’t like not finding the supplement sooner. Who makes Cellucor Super HD? Woodbolt Distribution is the makers of Cellucor Super HD. How do I contact the Cellucor Super HD customer service department? You can contact the Cellucor Super HD customer service department by calling 1- 8. Cellucor HQ 3. 89. S. Traditions Dr. Bryan, TX 7. 78. 07. Can I contact Cellucor HD through social media? Yes, you can contact Cellucor Super HD through Facebook and Twitter. How much caffeine is in a serving of Cellucor Super HD? Each serving of Cellucor Super HD contains 1. The company recommends using the supplement for no more than eight weeks and stopping for about two to four weeks before the next round. Is there a guarantee on Cellucor Super HD? Yes, there’s a guarantee on Cellucor Super HD. You can return the product for any reason within 3. Do you know of any special deals or discounts on Cellucor Super HD? There are special deals or discounts on Cellucor Super HD. On the official website, if you purchase $7. However, the last several months have raced by, considering our readers have been taking advantage of the Special Trial Offer offered by Dietspotlight Burn. Want to learn more about it, click above. References. 1. RHODIOLA (Not listed). December 7, 2. 01. Club Moss (2. 00. EMedicine Health. December 7, 2. 01. Previous Cellucor Super HD Review (Updated April 1. What You Should Know about Cellucor Super HDCellucor Super HD is a huge release for the Cellucor company. The company carries a vast archive of products, including Alpha Amino, BCAA, C4 Mass, C4 Neuro, CLA, P6 Red and more products. Several news companies announced the release, as if the product was somehow going to change the face of the weight loss supplement industry. There are more than 6. GNC where we found the supplement prominently listed. That is a step in the right direction, especially when the average review is 4. List of Cellucor Super HD Ingredients. Ingredients: Niacin. Vitamin B6. Vitamin B1. Super. HD Thermo. Sculpting Blend. Green Tea Leaf Extract. Slim. Pro (Protein Hydrolysates from Blue Whiting)Dandelion Root Extract. Super. HD Sensory Impact Blend. N- Acetyl L- Tyrosine. Rhodiola Root Extract. Amla Fruit Extract. Yohimbe Bark Extract. Capsimax Cayenne Fruit Extract. Evodiamine. Toothed Clubmoss Extract. Rauwolfia Vomitoria Root Bark Extract. Caffeine Anhydrous. Product Features. Cellucor is a big company and what better way to get dieters to use a product than to send out trial bottles and ask the users to review the supplement. There are even multiple reviews of the same product by one person. The ingredient list will tell if this supplement is all the reviews claim it to be. Caffeine anhydrous is the big stimulant in the formula – no surprise. Dukan Diet UK Official Site. The Dukan Method : a fast, efficient and natural diet. Pierre Dukan has devoted his time as a nutritionist to develop the best method to lose weight without gaining it back. With the Dukan Diet and its 1. The Dukan Diet is a hyper protein one, healthy and natural. Now a days, to know how to lose weight is easy. The Dukan Method will help you to stabilise your True Weight for life. The True Weight calculation is free. The Dukan Method is a slimming diet structured in 4 phases. Two phases to lose weight quickly and reach your true weight: the Attack phase short and meteoric with a quick weight loss (7. Cruise phase (more than 2. True Weight. Two phases to stabilise your weight: the Consolidation phase and the Stabilisation phase. More than 8. 00 Dukan recipes for a great diet. Dukan coaching: the freedom to lose weight Learn how to eat correctly without gaining weight back. Proteins are the main actors of the fight against obesity, reinforced by the oat bran efficiency. The Dukan method is a hyper protein diet which will help you to get fit.
The Dukan Diet, an easy diet to follow to lose weight fast and to eat without counting calories. The pleasure to eat with more than 8. Provides weight loss solutions through education. Offers articles on exercise, diet, fitness, weight loss tips, and metabolism. Lose weight and eat delicious food with the Cooking Light Diet. Get started today with healthy meal plans based on your weight-loss goals. Learn more about best low carb (Atkins) diet plans for fast weight loss, such as paleo, mediterranean, pescaterian, raw, vegan, as well as top 3 worst diets. From healthy diet plans to helpful weight loss tools, here you'll find WebMD's latest diet news and information. Our Summer Book Recommendations Are Perfect For Staying Inside. The worst place for a beach read is the beach. You’re surrounded by screaming kids and seagulls. Sand gets in the pages, sun bakes your skin and makes your i. Pad unreadable. And you will absolutely get hit in the glasses with a volleyball. Instead, crank the air conditioning, put on a sweater, and try an indoorsy summer read from Lifehacker’s editorial team. Patrick Allan, Staff Writer. Samurai William: The Englishman Who Opened Japan by Giles Milton. Calling all history buffs! This book tells the tale of William Adams, one of the first Englishmen to visit Japan. It’s filled with dangerous sea voyages, battles between samurai warlords, and an incredible look at life in Japan during the 1. If you’re familiar with the Shogun books or film adaptation, this is about the real man those stories are based on. Ego Is the Enemy by Ryan Holiday. The title says it all; our own ego is often our worst enemy. It keeps us from learning, it blinds us to our faults, and makes failure feel like a death sentence. But it doesn’t have to be that way! Many people in history have overcome their ego to do great things.
In this followup to The Obstacle Is the Way, Ryan Holiday showcases prominent historical figures who fought their egos and eschewed spotlight in order to focus on their goals. Lots of great lessons in here. The Girl Who Drank the Moon by Kelly Barnhill. Because sometimes you just want a fun fantasy filled with magic, monsters, and witches that makes you feel like a kid again. Patrick Austin, Staff Writer. Gut: The Inside Story of Our Body’s Most Underrated Organ by Giulia Enders. If you’re curious about the human digestive tract and why you should probably stop eating Cheetos for breakfast, check out Giulia Enders’s Gut: The Inside Story of Our Body’s Most Underrated Organ. Enders and her conversational tone make this an easy, informative read that takes you on a journey and answers questions you probably have about your body, your gut, and how what you eat affects your body and mind in more ways than you can fathom. Medical jargon is explained in just a few sentences and in- depth explanations on what you really want to know (like how farts work) are always revelatory. Alice Bradley, Deputy Editor. Eileen by Ottessa Moshfegh. Eileen is a depressed, friendless, deeply troubled young woman in a terrible situation: living with her alcoholic father, working at a boys’ prison, wearing (for some reason) her dead mother’s clothing. Looking for the most comprehensive muscle building guide on the internet? Well good thing you stopped by, I’ve got you covered. This guide will take you through.She spends her weekends shoplifting, hiding her father’s shoes, and stalking a prison guard she has the hots for. Then Eileen makes a friend (for, apparently, the first time in her life), and things take an even more bizarre turn. What a perfect summer read! Okay, maybe this one isn’t for the beach, but it’s appropriate for squirreling away under a comforter, the air conditioner turned up high, while everyone else is outside frolicking around in the summer sun. Eileen is a compelling character; the book is (despite everything) often funny and always entertaining; and the ending isn’t one you’re going to forget any time soon. Nick Douglas, Staff Writer. The Flintstones, Vol. Mark Russell and Steve Pugh. This comic book reinterpretation pulls sharp satire out of the goofy world of Bedrock, where cavepeople invent modern society on the fly. Their major religion keeps switching gods, their appliances all require food, and scientists launch a monkey into space via slingshot. Fred Flintstone, the tragic everyman, introduces some Neanderthals to the concept of a job: “How’d you like makin’ rock?” “Hated it.” They ask what to do with their first wages. The videos aren’t explicitly violent or horrific, but they’re just menacing enough to disturb a few employees, who track down the creator. The Mountain Goats’s John Darnielle, poet laureate of lonely souls in lonely places, writes a horror- less horror story that teases apart the dual identity of the idyllic but isolating American countryside. Melissa Kirsch, Editor- in- Chief. Libra by Don De. Lillo. If you’re going to hunker down under the duvet with the A/C blasting while lesser humans chase Kadima balls on rocky shores, you want a big, sprawling novel to keep you company, the sort of juicy and absorbing tale that’s more transporting than any beach vacation could ever be. My best reading summer was spent in the thrall of just such a book. In August of 2. 00. I drove from Seattle to Los Angeles, stopping in to visit friends along the route. My constant companion during that trip—and therefore the only thing I could talk about over barbecues in Portland or sightseeing in Big Sur—was Libra, by Don De. Lillo. Libra imagines the life of Lee Harvey Oswald, that oft- speculated- about cipher who took history into his hands in November of 1. If you’re the sort of person who, as I did, thinks, “Oh no, I saw Oliver Stone’s JFK, I don’t need another speculative take on the Kennedy assassination,” think again. Libra is a character study and a deliciously plotted novel of suspense. De. Lillo masterfully creates from overanalyzed biographical facts about Oswald a fascinating and sympathetic man, one whose allegiances and motivations emerge as so much more complicated than history books could ever convey. When you’re finished, you can pore over the Zapruder film on You. Tube and dream up some fresh conspiracy theories with which to bore your sunburnt and heat- exhausted friends when they get home. Lily Lou, Intern. Q8. 4 by Haruki Murakami. Whether you liked George Orwell’s 1. Haruki Murakami’s 1. Q8. 4. These two books take place in 1. Q8. 4 takes place between two worlds: a normal one and another alternate universe with two moons (that’s the dystopian one). There are a lot of different interesting elements of the book like a religious cult led by a leader who no one has ever met and obscure references to classical music and jazz. I’m not normally a fan of dystopian novels, but I really enjoyed Murakami’s surreal plotline and the pacing of the book. Claire Lower, Staff Writer. This Wheel’s on Fire: Levon Helm and the Story of the Band by Stephen Davis. I know Robbie Robertson just released his book but, though I fully intend to read it, I’ve always found Robbie to be a little self- aggrandizing and overly romantic. In this book, Levon presents a fairly unflinching and sometimes depressing look at the history of The Band, but he does so with warmth and wit. It’s completely engrossing and wildly entertaining, but be warned, it will ruin The Last Waltz for you. In the All- Night Caf. Not only do you get an in- depth look at what it was like to watch Belle & Sebastian take shape, but you get to watch David grapple with his limitations as an artist and his supporting role in the group, which he somehow does without any self- pity or bitterness towards “the other Stuart.” My only criticisms are that I wish it continued past the first year, and I wish there were an audio book. Choose Food Over Food-Like Substances, Food Writer Michael Pollan Tells CDC. Protein is easily one of the most important nutrients to get into your daily diet, but it's possible to get too much of a good thing, especially if you're on a high. I love a good Scottish accent, and David’s is pretty stellar. Beth Skwarecki, Staff Writer. The Orphan’s Tales: In the Night Garden by Catherynne Valente. It’s a series of interlocking fantastical stories, told in the style of the Arabian Nights, where each tale leads to the next. They’re set in a world with its own mythology and magic, and you learn something new about it with each tale. We start with a girl exiled from a palace because of a birthmark that consists of stories written on her eyelids. Before long we’re learning how a certain witch gained her magic, and where magic comes from in the first place, and what you can do with the skin of a certain wild beast, and it just gets better from there. This is a great read for a busy summer because it’s easy to digest in small pieces. Don’t expect to put it down for long, though, because you’ll end up forgetting what’s going on in some of the storylines. A+ book, enjoy responsibly. Crowd Pleasing Tips, Ideas and Meal Plans. Want tasty and no- fuss 2. Bring yourself to the table with our smart ideas and plans. Sticking to a 2. 50. With us you can increase your chances of success by eating the foods you need to reach your diet goals. Whether you want to maintain weight or lose it, we know exactly how to do it. Find out what food items you need to eat to lose weight and what – to maintain the weight. Get benefits out of our creative tips and specially designed calorie diet plans for men and active women. Jump- start your calorie- meal- planning right now! Simple family- friendly meal plans to achieve 2. With all the conflicting diet menu information many people are interested on how many calories a day do they need? The truth is that the answer to this puzzling question varies from person to person. The amount of calories the person needs depends upon his/her height, age, activity level etc. When it comes to your caloric needs, your goals are an important consideration. You need to determine whether you want to lose weight, maintain weight or gain muscle. Why is it that so few diet products are backed by science? Let’s find out if Slim 4 Life is one of the good ones. We decided to dive deep to learn more about. Nutrition plan Your 4-week guaranteed muscle meal plan Cut fat and build mass with this clean bulking nutrition program. Men between the ages of 1. Moderately active men between the ages of 3. Active adult men over 5. Very active women. Download a free 1500 calorie meal plan and meal plan shopping list to help you lose weight. To play the son of Zeus in the upcoming blockbuster ''Hercules,'' Dwayne ''The Rock'' Johnson took his training to an entirely new level. In this interview, the movie. In fact, the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010 notes that sedentary men ages 19 to 30, moderately.
So, if you are the one of those people, choose 2. But before you start, note that your plan should not only be caloric but also healthy. Actual. The healthiest 2. On any given day make sure to strike a balance between heavier and lighter. Remember, your healthy plan should include healthy food. Protein foods; Healthy fats; 2 cups of fruits; 3 cups of veggies. To achieve the goals, base your diet plan on the above- mentioned and start eating healthy! If you need help, focus on these helpful plans. Day 1. Breakfast: Low Carb meatballs with beef, cheddar, pork, egg and onion (3 large eggs, . Combine all ingredients. Roll into balls. Bake for 2. Drink 1 cup skim milk. To lose weight, choose foods that keep you full. For example, replace hard- for- the- body- to- breakdown white rice with brown rice. For weight gain choose high- calorie- content items. Eat a beef filet instead of fish or chicken. Add sour cream or butter to baked potatoes etc. Day 3. Breakfast: Smoked Salmon with Avocado on Rye. Ingredients: 1/3 avocado spread on toasted rye bread (2 slices), 1 ounce smoked salmon with . Most men need from 2. For those men who want to maintain healthy weight, 2. A daily 2. 50. 0- calorie healthy meal plan includes: 4. Carbs; 2. 0- 3. 5% from dietary fat; 1. Protein. You can easily count your daily calories by knowing how many calories per gram Protein, Carbs and Fat have: Protein – 4 calories per gram; Carbs – 4 calories per gram; Fat – 9 calories per gram. Plan 1. Breakfast: 2 cups of whole grain cereal, 1 egg, 1 cup of melon, 1 cup of low- fat milk. Balance your diet plan with carbohydrates, protein and fat. Play around with food items and combinations until you find out what really works for you! Plan 3. Breakfast: 2 cups cereal, 1 medium banana, 1 box raisins, seedless, 1 cup milk, 1 orange juice. Stay stress- free by taking our tips into consideration. If your goal is weight loss, choose low- fat and high- fiber filling items. But if you want to gain weight, add to your meal plan more calorie- rich food stuffs. Add some fun to your daily meal plan with our creative meal recipes and tips you are sure to love. Remember, you deserve to eat healthy! Body Mass Index (BMI) is not a very accurate measurement for determining whether somebody is of normal weight, overweight or obese, researchers say. This site has moved to http:// Please update your bookmarks and click here to visit the new site.Waist- to- height ratio more accurate than BMI in identifying obesity, new study shows - - Science. Daily. Calculating a person's waist- to- height ratio is the most accurate and efficient way of identifying whether or not they are at risk of obesity in clinical practice, a new study by Leeds Beckett University shows. The research, published in the latest edition of PLOS ONE journal, aimed to improve the way that obesity is currently measured and classified by examining the whole- body fat percentage and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) mass (the fat stored around the abdominal region where most of internal organs lie) of a group of 8. It aimed to find the most accurate way of predicting this measurement in a clinical environment and set cut- points for obesity. The researchers, led by Dr Michelle Swainson, Senior Lecturer in Exercise Physiology in the Carnegie School of Sport at Leeds Beckett, found that 3. BMI) (around one in seven participants, or 1. Lean meat, papaya and apples: The ten guilt-free foods that burn MORE calories than they contain. Celery, cucumber and apples can all help aid in weight loss. The team gathered accurate whole- body and abdominal fat data using a total body dual energy X- ray absorptiometry (DXA) scanner - - a highly accurate way of measuring body composition and fat content. They then calculated five predictors of whole- body fat and VAT, which could be easily replicated in a GP's office, fitness centre or at home, comparing the results to those of the DXA scan and determining which simple predictor of obesity is the most accurate. The five predictors tested were: BMI, waist circumference (WC), waist- to- hip ratio (WHR), waist- to- height ratio (WHt. R) and waist- to- height ratio. WHt. R0. 5). Dr Swainson explained: . Although there are benefits to this method, there is concern that a lot of people are being classified as obese by BMI when they are not or are being missed by this classification when they need to be referred for help.
This is most definitely the case when people have a 'normal' BMI but high abdominal fat that is often dismissed. Whole- body fat percentage, and specifically VAT mass, are associated with health conditions including insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, but are not fully accounted for through BMI evaluation. Put simply, it is more important, especially for cardio- metabolic conditions, that your belt notch goes down than the reading on the scales. The simple waist circumference divided by height measurement is not a new method of obesity classification but despite evidence supporting its use, it is still not routinely measured in clinical settings. Cut- points for predicting whole body obesity were 0. The cut- point for predicting abdominal obesity was 0. BMI had weak support as a predictor for whole- body fat percentage in both men and women but was a plausible alternative for the prediction of VAT mass in women. The waist- to- hip ratio (WHR), a measure regularly recommended by fitness instructors and used in clinical practice but which, was found to be a very poor predictor of obesity according to both measures. Dr Swainson said: . In current clinical practice, it is common to calculate BMI for an indication of whole- body fat and waist circumference for abdominal obesity. By introducing this alternative, and more accurate, measure into clinical settings, more men and women would potentially be referred to programmes, such as weight management, to receive help in improving their health. We have also shown how these simple measurements may be used as surrogates by GPs and other health care professionals when DXA scans are unavailable or inaccessible. Vegetarian Diets . What does the term 'vegetarian' actually mean? The word 'vegetarian' is not well- defined. It includes people with a wide range of attitudes and eating behaviours with respect to foods of animal origin. Vegetarians all base their diets on foods of plant origin, but there are different levels of vegetarianism according to how much food derived from animals is also eaten. In Australia there are five major types of vegetarian: A 'semi vegetarian' eats poultry and/or fish, dairy foods and eggs, but no red meat; A 'lacto vegetarian' consumes dairy foods but no meat, poultry, fish or eggs; A 'lacto- ovo vegetarian' includes dairy foods and eggs, but no meat, poultry or fish; A 'pescetarian' includes fish and other seafood, but no meat or poultry (while eggs and/or dairy foods may or may not be eaten); and. A 'vegan' eats only foods of plant origin. There are more extreme forms of vegetarianism. For example, 'fruitarians' eat nothing that required a living organism to be killed, restricting their diet to fruits, nuts, honey and olive oil. Similarly, the range of Zen Macrobiotic diets includes some that are as restrictive as that of the fruitarians. However, the five categories described above account for all but a very small minority of vegetarians in Australia (and in most of the remainder of the Western world as well). Why do people adopt vegetarian diets? The reasons for becoming a vegetarian are many and varied. Many people are vegetarians as a result of religious beliefs. In addition, semi vegetarians usually believe that red meat is harmful to health, particularly—but not exclusively—to heart health. Lacto and lacto- ovo vegetarians might add that there is a moral dimension, based on a belief that animals have the same right to live as we do. Because dairy foods and eggs can be collected without killing (or harming) the animals that provide them, lacto and lacto- ovo vegetarians might be justified in considering themselves more humane than meat eaters. Vegans would almost certainly agree with the moral argument but would probably add that, unlike milk and eggs, plants contain no cholesterol and most plant foods have little 'saturated fat' (a type of fat that is associated with increased risk of heart disease). But it is worth noting that coconut oil and palm oil are exceptions, in that most of the fat from these plant foods is saturated. The higher levels of many vitamins, fibre, antioxidants and other substances believed to be of nutritional benefit in foods of plant origin are also used as arguments for greater health benefits of vegetarian diets. Many vegetarians believe that, in addition to health benefits and moral considerations, there is also reduced environmental degradation (i. In some countries there are special reasons for considering adopting a vegetarian diet. For example, in the United Kingdom some people have become vegetarians following the advent of 'mad cow disease' (BSE), and the diagnosis of a similar disease in humans (variant CJD) believed to be acquired by eating beef infected with BSE. Some teenagers, mostly girls, adopt a vegetarian diet because they think it will lead to weight loss. In a few cases, changing to an extreme vegetarian diet can be a smokescreen for an eating disorder. So although many girls follow a vegetarian diet, and only a small number develop an eating disorder, it is worth watching for any changes that lead to severely restricted total food intake. How nutritious are vegetarian diets compared to the omnivorous diet? There are at least two ways of approaching the question 'how nutritious is a particular diet?' First, it can be considered in terms of the 'completeness' of the diet (that is, does it provide all known essential nutrients in at least the minimum recommended quantities?). But it can also be addressed in terms of 'how much does the diet promote good health?' (i. In this, they are approximately equivalent to properly planned omnivorous diets. However, as they are often practised, these vegetarian diets can lead to low iron status. Vegetarian teenage girls and women of child- bearing age are particularly at risk of iron- deficiency anaemia because red meat is one the best dietary sources of iron. Proper planning can help ensure that adequate iron status is maintained when the diet does not contain red meat. For example, combining a source of vitamin C (such as fruit or fruit juice) with wheat- based cereal foods will increase the absorption of the iron available in the cereal. Eggs, legumes (a term that includes peas, beans, chickpeas, lentils, soy foods) and nuts are also significant sources of iron. A well- planned vegan diet can meet all nutritional requirements. However, some who follow a vegan diet are at risk of developing B1. Although any diet that fails to address healthy eating principles can be deficient in essential nutrients, vegans may need to be especially vigilant with their eating habits with regard to nutrients such as iron, calcium, zinc, iodine, selenium and omega- 3 fats. Vitamin B1. 2 is found only in animal foods, and studies have shown that both vegetarians and vegans generally have lower levels of vitamin B1. So Good soy milk, Marmite and some Sanitarium Veggie Delight products). This is particularly important for pregnant and breastfeeding women, to reduce the risk of deficiency in their babies. Other nutrients at risk for vegans include protein, iron, zinc and calcium. Grain foods, legumes, potatoes, seeds and nuts are good sources of protein. Legumes, nuts and dried fruits are quite good sources of calcium, while legumes and seeds provide significant quantities of zinc. From the point of view of promotion of good health, despite the greater risk of some vitamin deficiencies, it is fair to say that vegetarians in Western nations often eat a diet that is closer to the recommended pattern of food intake than their omnivorous relatives or neighbours. Vegetarian diets include higher intakes of cereal foods, vegetables (including legumes) and fruits—and therefore of dietary fibre—with lower intakes of fat (particularly saturated fat) and salt. Fruitarian diets and those of some of the more extreme levels of the Macrobiotic diets are invariably nutritionally inadequate. What about the relationship between vegetarian diets and health—is there any evidence for better (or worse) health outcomes compared to omnivorous diets? There is a substantial body of evidence supporting the belief that vegetarians in Western countries experience significantly less cancer, less heart disease, fewer strokes, and generally live longer than omnivores. However, it is also true that people who choose a particular diet for health reasons will probably also look after their health in other ways. For example, they are less likely to smoke, to abuse alcohol and other drugs, and are more likely to exercise for health and general fitness. It may be that these behaviours explain some of the health benefits associated with being vegetarian. However, this argument does not explain the entire health benefit. It seems increasingly likely that higher intake of beneficial dietary factors—available only in foods of plant origin—also plays an important part in explaining the better overall health of vegetarians. One 'natural experiment' being played out in the Western world exists in the form of a difference in diet between two groups of Seventh Day Adventists. Although members of this faith are advised not to eat meat, this is not binding. So Seventh Day Adventists divide rather neatly into two groups with apparently similar lifestyles, except that one group eat meat while members of the other group are strictly vegetarian. Studies have indicated that meat- eating Seventh Day Adventists have increased risk of heart disease, cancer, diabetes and arthritis compared to those who are strictly vegetarian. However, it is still not certain that this result is due only to the consumption of meat. Much research is still needed to determine the optimal diet for health and longevity (living to a 'ripe old age'). Some nutritionists believe that a predominantly vegetarian diet, with low- moderate quantities of lean meat and moderate quantities of low- or reduced- fat dairy products will produce the best long- term health outcome. However, it is still true that strict vegetarianism (particularly the lacto and lacto- ovo varieties) is associated with better health outcome than an omnivorous diet. Although the optimal dietary strategy for health and longevity has still not been determined, the emphasis today is on increasing intake of foods of plant origin—breads and cereals (preferably whole grain), vegetables (including legumes) and fruits. If omnivores make this change at the expense of fatty meats, while continuing to eat moderate quantities of lean meat (including red meat) and fish, an overall increase in health will almost certainly result. I have heard that producing meat takes a greater area of land than producing plant foods. How much truth is there in this? It is true that about seven hectares of land is required to produce the same quantity of protein from beef production as can be obtained from a hectare of wheat or rice. This is a powerful argument for less meat production from arable land when the world's population is increasing at a rate of about 8. However, where the soil is of poor quality and/or rainfall is low, grains cannot be grown; such conditions are suitable only for meat production. For example, a significant proportion of the meat grown in Australia is grown in dry areas where the land would be of little value for anything else. Perhaps the most efficient use of increasingly scarce (on a world scale) resources would involve replacing meat production with grain growing in those areas where this is possible, and retaining meat production where little else will grow. One consequence of this would be an overall reduction in meat consumption. |
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November 2017
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